Moche-Mochicas A South American Ancient Civilization Essay

The Moche civilization was a pre-Inca culture, settled on the north coast of Peru, also knowing as a Mochicas culture. (Historia Universal, 2011). Moche culture were recognized as â€Å"Los maestros artesanos meaning The master craftsmen and grandes constructores de ciudades meaning â€Å"The great builders of cities, because their great skills to create beautiful pottery describing the daily life, religious and beliefs. (Historia Universal, 2011). Todays days what we have of the Moche culture is the value anthropological work display in some of the Peruvian Museum because this ancient group disappearance around 600 to 700 years is unknown, but could have been started by a drought of 30 years in the late sixth century followed by a†¦show more content†¦Christopher B. Donnan, PhD Anthropology and Professor, mention on his book â€Å"Moche portraits from Ancient Peru†, (2004): â€Å"Only a few ancient civilizations actually developed true portraiture, showing the anatomical features of a person†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Donnan, C. 2004. pp. 3) a differences of the Egyptian, they were using symbols to represent their portraits. He also wrote that â€Å"Moche portraits are among the most varied, objective, and confident portraits produced by any civilization of the ancient world. They were made a three-dimensional ceramics vessels that could have contained liquid. Most are in the form of human heads† because those were used for carried water from the mountains to the sea. The Moche took an important place in art and technology, because they develop the weaving system and a complex network of irrigation canals to support abundant agriculture to their lands. (Donnan, C. 2004. Pp.4). they also recognized for a large monumental pyramid-shaped architecture called Huacas. â€Å"Huacas† were places bui lding with thousands of bricks in a pyramid shape. Their bricks were decorated and sign for the Moche builders of the time. Is incredible to see this magnifies Architect of this pyramids and not compared with the Ancient Egypt pyramids for they similitudes but the differences between this two Ancient cultures The Moche used â€Å"Huacas† for apparently partly temples, palaces, administrative centers, and ritual meeting places and the Egyptians used to please theirShow MoreRelatedJewellery3808 Words   |  16 Pagesthe  Cullinan Diamond, part of the largest gem-quality rough diamond ever found (1905), at 3,106.75  carats (621.35 g). Now popular in  engagement rings, this usage dates back to the marriage of  Maximilian I  to  Mary of Burgundy  in 1477 Amber Amber, an ancient organic gemstone, is composed of tree resin that has hardened over time. The stone must be at least one million years old to be classified as amber, and some amber can be up to 120 million years old. Amethyst Amethyst has historically been the

Taking a Look at Divorce - 1420 Words

Divorce is viewed differently by many people. Sometimes this is due to experiences, what others have said, or looking at studies that are not always accurate. However, not everyone can have the same views about marriage ending in divorce. In the article, â€Å"No Easy Answers: Why the Popular View of Divorce Is Wrong† by Constance Ahrons she shows her view on divorce. Ahrons believes that divorce does not have long-lasting damaging effects on children (65). Divorce can affect children in the family but the way the decisions are made is what will change the way the kids are influenced. First of all, opposing viewpoints say that divorce can cause the child to feel like their life is not going to be the same. In contrast, this is not a highly supported statement. One thing that is commonly stated about divorce is, once two married parents with children decide to divorce, that they are no longer a family (66). Although, they may not be living together in the same house it does not mean they are still not a family. No matter what, the parents will always be linked to each other because of the children. Is that not the definition of a family? In addition, assumptions are made that if people are married with kids that they are an ideal family This is not the case, if the marriage is not working out and is only causing problems amongst the parents and kids than that is not considered a family either. Divorce does not cause children to lose their family, if anything it helps to fix them.Show MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Divorce1925 Words   |  8 Pagesthe recent past. The number of divorce families is increasing daily. People are currently taking marriage lightly not realizing the consequences such decisions have on their family, more so, on their children. Divorce is the dissolution of marriage. In the past, people respected marriage institutions and divorce was a rare happening. The United Nations Demographic Yearbook records that Russia has the highest number of divorce rates in the world recording 5 divorces per 1000 people. Belarus followsRead MoreDivorce983 Words   |  4 PagesWeek 2 Divorce Functionalist view emphasizes the contribution it makes to overall social stability. The divorce can actually benefit the child in several ways. If the parents were being abusive to one another and/or to the children involved prior to the divorce chances are the divorce will result in less fighting/arguing among the parents which in return would result in a better environment for the child. In some cases if a parent is abusing alcohol or drugs and it leads to the divorce, removingRead MoreMarital Breakdown and Divorce Essay1094 Words   |  5 Pages Marital Breakdown and Divorce Over the last 40 years, sociological research has provided statistics suggesting a significant increase in the number of marriages ending in divorce. In this essay I aim to justify this increase and explain why statistics may give a misleading picture. The way I have decided to structure this essay is firstly to look at a brief history of the laws governing divorce over the last century, then to discuss the statistics and finally to concludeRead MoreSociological Perspectives On Social Issues957 Words   |  4 PagesWhen something negative occurs within someones life they tend to look for a cause, a reason as to why this has happened. They do this by looking at the different aspects of their personal life, however they don’t take into consideration the fact that sociological issues within that society may have also attributed to that problem taking place. C. Wright Mills (2010) believed that â€Å"neither the life of an individual nor the history of a society could be understood without understanding both†, and withRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1296 Words   |  6 Pages50% of all the children born to married parents today, will experience the divorce of their parents’ before they are eighteen years old. Divorce in and of itself doesn’t necessarily harm a child, but the conflict between parents does. A child’s behavior correlates dire ctly with the effects of their parents’ separation. Deep emotional wounds are created before, during, and after divorce and separation. It is rare that you find a child that actually wants their parents to separate, unless the marriageRead MoreEssay about Divorce in American Society1338 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce in American Society Whatever happened to the picture that perfect traditional families portrayed? Television has had such an influence over us when we begin wishing we had families like the ones we see on Little House on the Prairie and The Brady Bunch. Families who work together, support one another, and seem to have all of lifes problems figured out. The media is catching up to society and showing more single-family sitcoms with down to earth family relationships such as BlossomRead MoreCultural Culture Courtship And Marriage1268 Words   |  6 PagesIt is sometimes hard to understand other cultures from an emic perspective, and there is a tendency to favor your culture, viewing it as superior. It is helpful to change your perspective, assuming an outside view towards your culture and taking an inside look at another. Over the course of this paper, I will explain my American Culture courtship and marriage traditions through the etic eye to show the perspective to an outsider, and I will examine an aspect of the Sub-Saharan African polygyny marriageRead MoreThe Divorce And Its Effects On The Family And Women s Rights937 Words   |  4 Pagesis the conjugal relationship was established by men and women as prescribed by law, divorce is the termination of that relationship. Family capital cell of society, the marriage was not a personal matter but also social problems. As the divorce rate so high and growing, the divorce is no longer a story of two people who become social phenomena Divorced can because of numerous reasons, each couple decides to divorce also comes from many different causes. But can easily identify some basic reasonsRead MoreThe Effect of Law Changes on the Growth of Divorce Rate Essay731 Words   |  3 PagesEffect of Law Changes on the Growth of Divorce Rate Divorce is the legal termination of a marriage. There is no doubt that divorce is much more common, becoming a norm almost. If present trends continue, it is estimated that 1 in 3 marriages will end in divorce, but is it the alteration in the legal grounds that is causing this trend? In this essay I will look at the other aspects that could be the foundation for the growth of divorce and state which I think is the mostRead MoreHigh Divorce Rates1469 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Institution (High Divorce Rates) Have you ever been to a traditional wedding? They are the most beautiful breath taking experience that you have ever seen; many symbols like the exchange of rings, uniting candle, flowers, bride’s maids and best man, and the bride in a beautiful white dress. Also weddings are a lot of fun too. They are the start of a family institution. On the flip side they are expensive and stressful for the couple at hand and the odds of staying together are only

In a Perfect World by Keri Hilson free essay sample

â€Å"In a Perfect World† is an album that I feel many people can relate to. Naming an album perfect world, you may think the songs are going to be about how she depicts her perfect world to be. But no, her goal was to use the words â€Å"perfect world† to show just how real and imperfect she is, Ironically bringing her closer to becoming a perfect singer so strong that she can be herself at all times. The album features guest appearances by Timbaland, Lil Wayne, Akon, Keyshia Cole, and Ne-Yo. The original release of the album was pushed back because of problems with her record label, and budgets. Also, the release date was pushed back because of the failure of some her singles like â€Å"Energy† and Turin me off†, catching onto the radio stations quick enough. But once they did Keri Hilson was set, and her album was released on March 24, 2009. We will write a custom essay sample on In a Perfect World by Keri Hilson or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Her biggest hit so far has been â€Å"Turning me off† featuring Lil Wayne and produced by Polow the Don. This is a song many women can relate to, because it’s about how to properly approach and seduce a woman. Many more of her songs like â€Å"Make Love† and â€Å"Tell Him the Truth† are relatable because the lyrics tell stories about how to handle a situation. Keri’s goal for this album was to speak up for the ladies, and also empower them to be strong, independent, and determined. This album shows her ability to translate every day trials and tribulations into engaging music. â€Å"It’s my way of saying nothing in the world is perfect and no person in it is, either. None of us are exempt from certain hardships and heartbreaks.† Keri comments. She first started out behind the scenes as a song writer for artist like Ne-Yo, Brittany Spears, Usher and more. But now Keri Hilson has come into the spotlight and made a name for her own, and with her album, â€Å"In a perfect World† she is able to showcase her talents and let everyone know who she really is.

Traditional vs Modern Architecture free essay sample

Our world today has drastically changed from back in the 20th century, all sorts of machinery with the help of technology have been invented to make work easier for human beings, however traditional ways of carrying out tasks are fading and very few parts of it have been preserved. Architecture has been broken down into many categories to fit the lifestyle of people in a particular place at a particular time. The two main ways of recognising these are; Modern architecture and traditional architecture.Modern architecture is known as the movement of architecture that began in the 20th century, it is also architecture that is characterised by the simplification of forms and subtraction of ornaments, modern architecture can be some of the most futuristic, colourful, innovative designs ever. Modern architecture these days there are so many materials that architects can use to create different effects on buildings.On the other hand traditional architecture are mainly classified as historic al buildings that have a lot of character and culture incorporated into them and artists were commissioned to put some colour into the building giving each one an individual stamp. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional vs Modern Architecture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Can modern and traditional architecture coexist? In today’s world anything is possible for example Instead of painting beautiful designs on the wall, one can just use wall paper instead which can be replaced or removed at anytime.The thin line between modern architecture and traditional architecture is that Modern architecture explores mainly with the interior features whereas traditional architecture is mainly worked on the exterior features (Campbell, 2011). Therefore modern architecture and traditional are definitely able to coexist. Just as every living organism evolves from specie to specie, similarly architecture has evolved over the years from traditional architecture to modern architecture.Modern Architecture and traditional architecture are one in the same, in that traditional architecture was at one point modern and what is modern will eventually become traditional. Like Vladi Manolov said â€Å"Cathedral La Sagrada Familia is not being developed according to a com plete architecture plan. The architect of the cathedral Antoni Gaudi rather changed his vision for the cathedral as it was being built† (2010). Designs will evolve and always change whether it is over centuries or days. What today is known as modern architecture such as tall buildings in the future will be known as traditional architecture as it will not be a design of the new era and the generation then will have discovered a new concept and that will be labelled modern architecture. It’s the concept of transformation that has been applied where designs have been simplified and work has been made easier.Modern architecture has developed from traditional architecture; however architecture has been through many time frames between being called traditional architecture to it being known as modern architecture. The phase architecture has gone through has drained out its best parts and thus modern architecture is plain and made of simple forms and shapes. Traditional architecture is more appreciated as traditional buildings are known to be stronger than modern architecture, as they have lasted a series of centuries and de cades.The beauty that lies in traditional architecture is unique. Even though modern architecture has its own style and form of design however it is much simpler than most of the traditional designed buildings. Traditional architecture was carefully detailed, from its masonry to its detailed designed carvings and paintings; all of this was handmade and took time and alot of effort to put together. Whereas modern architecture has many look alike buildings, some of the tall buildings around look very similar to each other and the sense of uniqueness no longer exist.Even in this day and age traditional architecture is appreciated to an extent that architects incorporate traditional designs with modern architecture as in article read it says â€Å"Although today there are so many modern building in Japan, but the traditional building is still exist and it has great power to make so many people keep build the same traditional architecture and even some people try to mix it with the modern design because they adore the traditional design. † (The beauty of traditional architecture in Japan, 2011).The beauty of traditional architecture is very much appreciated especially by religious groups thus they prefer detailed designs for religious buildings such as mosques, churches, temples. For example The Shri Swaminarayan Mandir Hindu Temple in Nairobi, Kenya, It has a modern feel to it and the use of the materials for the construction of the building give it a modern look yet the carvings and patterns engraved on it shows how traditional the building is. Modern architecture buildings exhaust the natural resources to make suitable construction materials leading to â€Å"scarcening† resources, increasing the xpenses of a building and it has a negative impact on the ecosystem. Whereas traditional architecture would use minimal natural resources as derived from the source, which makes it environmental friendly. Before the great need of the use of technology, architecture buildings were made up of stone, bricks, mortar, and other local building materials, along with natural lighting and air conditioning facilities. This had a near-zero impact on the environment. â€Å"But, post 1850, technology crept into architecture building design and disrupted the ecological balance. † (BluEnt, 2003-2011).Modern architecture buildings make use of huge amounts of steel, concrete, glass, and other synthetic building materials which have negative impacts on the eco-system and are costly. Modern architecture buildings also consume huge amounts of electricity, water, and other natural resources making it scarce and expensive. Thereby, the construction industry during the 20th century has been a significant contributor to global warming and climate change. In my opinion architecture in the past was very different from the present modern architecture, there has been a vast change in designs and the use of technology has superseded workmanship.The need for traditional architecture to be practised is essential so as to bring out variety moreover the mixture of both modern and traditional architecture would be a good combination as it would explore certain parts of architecture that have probably up to this day not been discovered yet it could cause a clash of the two types and bring out styles that would not be appreciated. Traditional architecture however is cheaper and easily accessible compared to modern architecture which takes quiet a long period of time planning and constructing.Moreover traditional architecture is environmental friendly and a pocket saver thus the concept of green architecture has been invented to bring out about the new modern trend with a touch of traditional aspects for sustainability. Traditional and modern architecture are already in co-existence with green architecture as an example, therefore modern and traditional architecture in this day and age must coexist to reduces the negative impacts on the world and instead to bring about a pleasant sustainable environment. Traditional vs Modern Architecture free essay sample Modern architecture is known as the movement of architecture that started in the 20th century, its also architecture that is characterised by the simplification of subtraction of ornaments, forms. Modern architecture can be some of the most colourful, innovative and futuristic designs ever. (7Ranchise 2011) Modern architecture today can be applied by using so many different type of materials that architects choose to create different effects on buildings. 7Ranchise 2011) on the other hand, traditional architecture is mainly categorised as historical buildings that have a lot of cultural and character included into them and artists were commissioned to put some colour into the building giving each one of an individual effect. But, the question is can modern and traditional architecture coexist? In todays world anything seems possible, an example to support that could be instead of painting beautiful designs on the wall, Wall papers could be used instead as they are easily applied and can easily replaced or removed at anytime. We will write a custom essay sample on Traditional vs Modern Architecture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 7Ranchise 2011) The thin line between traditional architecture and modern architecture is that modern architecture explores mainly with the interior features whereas traditional architecture mainly focuses on the exterior features. (7Ranchise 2011) Just as every living organism advances from specie to specie, similarly architecture has developed over the years from traditional architecture to modern architecture Modern architecture utters its use and does not use superfluous aesthetic elements on its form or ornament. Instead, every space and element in modern architecture is stark, only providing spatial characteristics and furnishings that will afford a spaces purpose. (7Ranchise 2011)Most modern architecture used a limited colour palate, including white, shades of grey and black. Moreover, functional architectural elements such as, stairs, windows and doors are highlighted with severe details to grab the attention of elements purpose. (7Ranchise 2011) Movement and circulation are very important in modern architecture. In fact, many describe modernism in terms of purpose and motion. (7Ranchise 2011) Because modern architecture is meant to help its user, inhabitant, corridors, ductwork and plumbing are featured and are usually more than abundant for the buildings purpose. (7Ranchise 2011)Once again, circulation is part of a buildings function, so modern architects try to grab attention to those elements. I Personally, I admire modern architecture. I find inspiration and pleasure in pieces that represent the modernism of their creation. I am interested in the way situation, technology and ideas shaped the buildings of various times. However, I am less interested in modern copies of older architecture work. I find the imitation of older forms, no matter how successful they are, to be somehow boring. For example, I like the poetry of Wordsworth, but I would be completely turned off by a modern poet who writes in that style. Some people simply don’t like modern architecture. The same thing also goes for modern poetry, music, art, and theater. There will always be a part of the society that prefers the old rather than the new, that believes the best art has already been accomplished. But, there will also always be a reliant that revels in innovation that is accepting by the change. This is a difference of opinions. If we compare cars to buildings we will find that the sleeker form of modern cars is both an aesthetic and practical transformation from its boxier forebear. (Darling 2009) If we want cars to move faster while using less energy, we have to make them more aerodynamic. Darling 2009)Thus the form has been adjusted to make cars more functional and effective. Same thing applies when comes to buildings. (Darling 2009) We may find that houses require a similar adjustment of form. (Darling 2009)The need for the functionality of passive solar strategies and tighter envelopes may be better met through new unexplored forms. More modern designs may better allow for day lighting, work-from-home applications easier automation , and other functionality requirements. Darling 2009) The experimentation that takes place in modern architecture could make our houses more useful and efficient even as it adjusts the appearance of our homes. (Darling 2009) In addition, Because modernism evolved hand-in-hand with industrialization, modern structures were designed and constructed in light of the machine. Modern architects created pronounced details and building systems that focused on machine manufacturing and making. (Darling 2009) Moreover, support elements, such as pumps, air conditioning units and automated furnishings were pivotal points in modern architecture. Darling 2009) When we talk about the Sustainability, Its a necessary to understand the importance of moving toward greener houses which have eventually significant effect on the shape and design of such houses. (Darling 2009) This doesn’t mean that all traditional buildings are not green Philly Row home for example is considered as a green building. (Darling 2009) But with a more modern touch we might be able to get there with complexity and less cost. (Darling 2009) New and more sustainable materials can replace the traditional brick facade. Darling 2009)Also, more efficient window configurations might grab into the question the standard exterior design. (Darling 2009) Even simple ideas of shape and size may adjust to the realities of solar panel application, insulation requirements or interior air circulation. (Darling 2009) Space and materi als need to be used more efficiently and this could be achieved by building smaller and more densely house designs. (Darling 2009) Designers can possibly create new ideas for specific regions conditions. (Darling 2009) Things that could play a role in redefining regional aesthetic possibilities are climate and available local materials. Darling 2009) Using this concept can help us create houses that can belong to a certain place regardless of what they may look like. (Darling 2009) When it comes to the designing of a house, the number of people who live inside a house should be put into account. (Darling 2009) Modern architecture in somehow seems to understand and accept a larger and different variety of lifestyles. (Darling 2009) Average American home suits less than three people, but you can never guess that from the configuration and size of most of the new houses. Darling 2009) As not everyone plans on getting married and having three kids. (Darling 2009) The variety in home design accepts the variety and differences in lifestyle choices and provides people with more places which suit their lifestyles. (Darling 2009) Designers now, can possibly create new ideas and designs for buildings that suits conditions of a certain region. (Darling 2009) Also, depending on the climate and the available local materials buildings being designed belong in the place they are built in regardless of what they may look like. Darling 2009) When talking about modern living rooms and traditional ones. (invisible 2011) They greatly differ from one another. (invisible 2011) Modern living rooms are artistic, unique and stand out from the rest of designs whereas traditional rooms have comfortable, relaxed atmosphere and a more cultured design to it. (invisible 2011) A modern living room contains furniture that is dissimilar and things like sofas are usually imported. Also, the living room designs are artsy, boxy, curved or feature straight contemporary lines. The main focus on a modern living room seems to lay around the selection of sofas and the entertainment section. (invisible 2011)While on the other hand, Traditional living rooms consist mainly of wooden furniture with patterned designs and mitigating that gives a very heavy feeling. (invisible 2011) Even the uses of colours in traditional rooms are mostly likely to be dark and dull; the entertainment section can be a large centre attention. (invisible 2011) Traditional living rooms furniture has a lot of details on legs and armrests when it comes to the furniture designs. invisible 2011) As a student and a researcher, I am going to know my position in time and probably also in space in my situation and what I am studying. It is clear that The things that I am taking may not be new for me and I think that I am not going to be stunned by it even if I try to, and I can’t try and take experience about the object because its already experienced by its time And I probably think th at it’s a good start of an architectonic style that was to influence and manipulate the entire architecture of the 20th century. Architect as Walter Gropius he started to design his first new building in 1910s and 1920;s and all of them were trying to find and tell about a new way to acknowledge and educate artists and architects and new forms of collaboration between them and industry lot of people saw the ideas and they took it as traditional values. and I tried my best to be in the author and the architects place studying and interpreting and I found a new way to understand the object of study. The advantage and benefit of doing so was probably not so much to reach a more objective clutch of the subject matter and the period, but specially to obtain a deeper understanding of my own reality and situation today as an individual that is part of a context, and that is placed within the consequences of modernism In conclusion, modern architecture is not abstract art; it’s a good analogy. Modern design can be as warm as any traditional design, warm or cold are just two characteristics that could be from modern or traditional homes. People constantly try to build a basis for the rejection of modern design on this and it just does not hold true. What does hold true is that people just don’t think very much, from consumers to presidents, and that’s why housing, and much else is in so much trouble. I think a little warm modernism that could persuade people out of that familiar (and mindless) rut is just what we need. In fact it’s just the kind of thing that can make them start looking at the rest of their lives with fresh eyes. A little catalyst never hurt anybody. Bibliography Ranchise. http://www. studymode. com/essays/Traditional-Vs-Modern-Architecture-728344. html. june 2011. www. studymode. com (accessed october 21, 2012). Crooks, Ryan. http://www. ehow. com/info_8527884_characteristics-modernist-architectural-style. html. 2012. www. ehow. com (accessed october 21, 2012). Darling, Nic. www. 100khouse. com/2009/01/06/why-modern/. January 6, 2009. www. 100khouse. com (accessed September 23, 2012). invisible. www. antiessays. com/free-essays/122603. html. october 30, 2011. www. antiessays. com (accessed october 21, 2012).

Environmental Crimes Essay Example

Environmental Crimes Paper The types of acts commonly recognized as environmental crime are: pollution or other contamination of air, land and water; illegal discharge, dumping and transport of, or trade in, hazardous and other regulated waste; illegal trade in ozone-depleting substances; illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing; illegal trade in (protected) flora and fauna and harms to biodiversity; and illegal logging and timber trade. The major drivers Of environmental crimes are identified to be Greed and Ignorance. Individuals and organizations understand that a huge amount of money can be made by committing certain environmental crimes and for some businesses illegal version is more lucrative. The attractiveness of the profits is enhanced by the often minimal investment that is needed to commit environmental crimes and the relatively low risk of getting caught and prosecuted (Hyman Barack 2002). Ignorance covers genuine lack of awareness about environmental responsibilities (e. G. He subsistence poacher) or is the product of confusion about the intricacies of these responsibilities (e. G. The permit, licensing and record-keeping system required to breed and trade in native birds). Why is this issue important? Environmental issues have posed global challenges and have raised skepticism regarding the sustainability of nature to nurture human civilization. And among these environmental issues is the growing menace of environmental crimes. The threat that environmental crimes pose today is far period than it did a few decades ago. We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Crimes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Crimes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Environmental Crimes specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In such a short span of time the rate of commission of such crimes has increased at such an alarming pace that it makes us question ourselves whether or not we will be able to survive this menace and see what will happens in the future. Environmental crime has come to be accepted as a genuine category of crime only very recently. It is because of the changing perceptions of people about the vulnerability of environment and the long term outcomes of their practices which are environmentally harmful. Even despite this growing awareness, environmental crimes often fail to prompt the required response y governments, the enforcement community and the public. Often perceived as victimless, environmental crimes do not always produce an immediate consequence, the harm may be diffused or go undetected for a lengthy period of time. The effects of a single environmental offence may not appear significant but the cumulative environmental consequences of repeated violations over time can be considerable. Also the impacts of such crimes affect the whole society. For example illegal logging contributes to deforestation. It deprives forest communities of vital livelihoods, causes ecological problems like flooding, and is a major contributor to climate change up to one-fifth of greenhouse gas emissions stem from deforestation. Illicit trade in ODDS like the refrigerant chemicals chlorofluorocarbons (CIFS), contributes to a thinning ozone layer, which causes human health problems like skin cancer and cataracts. Even some of the consequences of these crimes are irreversible. All these indicate the gravity of the danger associated with environmental crimes. Adding on to this danger is the fact that Environmental crimes by their very nature are trans-boundary and involve cross-border criminal syndicates. Environmental crime has been identified as one of the most profitable and fastest growing areas of international criminal activity. Environmental crime generates tens of billions Of dollars in profits every year, and it is growing. Due to such huge amount of money being involved organized criminal groups are attracted to its high profit margins. Organized criminals are adaptable and resourceful; they build networks and cast their nets wide to avoid detection. Moreover, environmental crime also proves to be a catalyst for corruption. Criminals perceive it to be an easy option to generate huge profits and in the name way individuals in positions of authority or power view environmental crime as an opportunity to cash in. Signing and forging import and export certificates; facilitating the transport of illicit goods and turning a blind eye are all examples of institutionalized corruption. Furthermore, corruption may be preventing the true cost and extent of environmental crime from being properly assessed or effectively addressed. Environmental crime is now also becoming an avenue for money laundering. It involves a cash economy and therefore organized criminals avoid conventional banking systems. Offenders clean their funds by laundering the money through other equally illicit networks, thereby forming strong links to other criminal arenas making it difficult, if not impossible, to put a price on the proceeds of environmental crime. Need more be said about the seriousness of the issue of environmental crimes? It is high time to wake-up to this menace and take the necessary measures to tackle the plundering Of our planet. Illicit Wildlife Trafficking Each year hundreds of millions of plants and animals are caught and harvested from the wild and then sold in markets across the globe. Though a retreat deal of this trade is legal and is not harming the wild populations, a worryingly large proportion is illegal. And this proportion of illegal trade is on a continuous rise. Illicit wildlife trafficking describes any environment- related crime that involves the illegal trade, smuggling, poaching, capture or collection of endangered species, protected wildlife (including animals and plants that are subject to harvest quotas and regulated by permits), derivatives or products thereof. In 201 2 the financial value of illicit wildlife trafficking was estimated to be $ 19 billion. But reliable estimates of its uncial value are hard to find mainly because the trade is illegal and the true cost and extent of this illicit trafficking is prevented from being assessed. Unreported and unregulated fisheries trade alone has been estimated at between CSS$4. 2 billion and SIS$9. 5 billion per year, the value of the illegal timber trade as much as SIS$7 billion per year, and the illicit wildlife trafficking (excluding fisheries and timber) as between US$7. Billion and US$II billion per year. Combining these numbers, illicit wildlife trafficking (including timber and fisheries) comprises the fourth largest global illegal trade after narcotics, unmans and counterfeit products. It has become one of the most lucrative illicit markets in the world today. Illicit wildlife trafficking is a major concern not only because of its growing proportions but also because of the threats it poses to international security, global biodiversity and public health. Much of the trade in illegal wildlife products is run by criminal groups with broad international reach, and the profits involved can be used to finance further criminal activities. Illicit wildlife trafficking is also linked to other forms of illegal trafficking and money-laundering. We also find corruption associated tit illicit wildlife trafficking which along with deterring investment can cause reduction in the effectiveness of governments, erode the rule of law, and affect the growth of local communities. Wildlife is considered to be an important asset by many communities and the illegal exploitation of wildlife is cap able of driving species towards extinction and severely damaging attempts of sustaining biodiversity. Illegal harvesting of animals and flora can exceed the environments reproductive capabilities, which in turn can cause a devastating decline in the population of various species that are of vital importance to their respective ecosystems, the loss of which cause even further implications. It may also lead to introduction of invasive species. Non- native species can affect human, animal, and plant health, causing considerable economic and environmental damage. Invasive species are as big a threat to the balance of nature as the direct overexploitation by humans of some species. Many invasive species have been purposely introduced by wildlife traders; examples include the American Mink, the Red-eared Terrapin and countless plant species. Not just this, the illegal trade of wildlife is a major intriguing factor in the spread of various animal diseases that can be transmitted to humans.

Merriam-Websters 2018 Words of the Year

Merriam-Websters 2018 Words of the Year Merriam-Webster’s 2018 Words of the Year Merriam-Webster’s 2018 Words of the Year By Mark Nichol Toward the end of every calendar year, Merriam-Webster, like other major dictionaries, shares a list of the words most frequently searched for on its website. As usual, this search traffic is largely driven by public discourse, as people look up words they see and hear in the media and in conversations, seeking to learn definitions of unfamiliar words or to clarify for themselves the meanings of words they know (or think they know). This post discusses Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year for 2018 and ten runners-up. The Word of the Year, justice, was newsworthy in several contexts. The primary sense is that of administration or maintenance of fairness and lawfulness, and increasing concern about social justice has brought the concept, and the term that represents it, to the forefront in our society. But justice is a job title as well as a concept, referring to a judge on a national or state supreme court or similar body, and the controversy over confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh as an associate justice of the US Supreme Court also led people to check the definition. (The senior member of a supreme court is often titled â€Å"chief justice,† while the others are designated â€Å"associate justices.†) Finally, on a more trivial note, the Justice League is a team of superheroes created for DC Comics and appearing in various media, including a film released late last year. The runners-up include nationalism, which has figured prominently in the media as the concept gains traction throughout the world, including in the United States, where President Donald Trump recently unabashedly identified himself as a nationalist. However, he, like many people, appears to be unclear on the concept: Nationalism is often conflated with patriotism. However, while the latter term refers to pride in one’s country, nationalism denotes loyalty to a nation at the expense of international (and intranational) harmony. Nationalism is closely associated with fascism, a political philosophy that incorporates dictatorial control and centralization of authority and brutal suppression of individuals and groups deemed undesirable or resistant to fascists’ goals. In summary, to be called a nationalist is decidedly not a compliment, and to call oneself a nationalist does not invite compliments. Pansexual, incorporating a Greek prefix meaning â€Å"all,† refers to a conception of gender identity and sexual orientation as something that occurs along a spectrum, rejecting the idea of binary categorization. Lodestar, originally denoting Polaris, the North Pole Star, which for millennia has served as a navigational aid, now refers more broadly to a guide, inspiration, or model. (Lode is a Middle English word meaning â€Å"course† or â€Å"way; it’s seen also in the context of mining: A lode is a deposit of ore.) The term had a vogue this year after it was used in an anonymous op-ed in the New York Times purportedly written by a senior Trump administration official. Because Vice President Mike Pence is known to use the fairly obscure term, some people suspected him of being the author. An epiphany is an appearance or manifestation, but the term is most commonly employed to refer to a realization or revelation. Its popularity as a search term early this year likely resulted from the Christian holiday by that name, which on January 6 commemorates the visit of the Magi, or Three Wise Men, to where the infant Jesus lay; it derives from the Greek verb epiphainein, meaning â€Å"manifest.† Feckless, used by a television commentator to criticize Ivanka Trump for, in her role as adviser to her father, failing to criticize the Trump administration’s immigration policies, employs the root feck, of Scottish origin, meaning â€Å"value† or â€Å"worth.† Essentially, it is a rare synonym for worthless. Laurel, the word for a tree whose foliage was used to crown victors in athletic events in ancient Greece, became a hot search term when a debate erupted online about which of two words was being enunciated in an online dictionary’s pronunciation sound file. By extension of its original definition, the term came to apply to the celebratory object itself and to figurative honors; one idiom based on the term is â€Å"rest on (one’s) laurels,† which alludes to someone who, upon achieving an honor, refrains from attempting feats that bring further recognition. (Usage generally pertains to one who does not rest on one’s laurels, meaning that person does seek other honors.) Pissant was frequently looked up after a radio personality described a famous football player’s daughter with the word, which is a derogatory dialectal term formed from piss and ant. (This word is not to be confused with puissant, a rare term meaning â€Å"powerful† and etymologically related to power and potent. All three words derive from the Latin term posse, meaning â€Å"able,† which survives in English as the term for a group deputized to pursue a fugitive or, more loosely, to denote one’s entourage.) The death this year of Aretha Franklin, best known for her rousing rendition of the song â€Å"Respect,† prompted look-ups of that word, which literally means â€Å"look back.† (The second syllable of that word, meaning â€Å"look,† is also the root of spectacle, spectator, inspect, suspect, and so on.) Maverick is a term often applied to the late John McCain, a US senator and presidential aspirant, for his frequent opposition to party-line politics. The word, describing someone who often acts without regard for group or party loyalty, derives from the surname of a gentleman who, after taking a small herd of cattle as payment for a debt, neglected to brand them, rendering them vulnerable to appropriation by other ranchers, who rounded them up on the open range and applied their own brands to the livestock. Since then, the word has been a synonym for independent, though â€Å"stolen from a careless owner† would be a more appropriate association. The death of Marvel Comics mogul Stan Lee this year resulted in references to excelsior, the word with which Lee typically signed off in the columns he wrote for his company’s comic books. Though the primary meaning of the word is mundane- it was a trademark for a brand of wood shavings used as protective packing material and later a generic term- its origin is the Latin word meaning â€Å"higher†; excel, excellent, and so on are related. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Is Irony? (With Examples)Precedent vs. PrecedenceQuiet or Quite?

Parents and Their Children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parents and Their Children - Essay Example Most parents do not seem to be concerned with the possible outcome of this problem within their families. Moreover, this problem is closely correlated with Judaism and Christianity which are considered as the world’s greatest religions. In most cases, sibling rivalry is attributed to hostility between siblings. This antagonism can be depicted in numerous methods, which are extremely dangerous. This shows that this conflict usually involves aggression; however, sibling rivalry is not related to sibling abuse. Sibling abuse is a situation whereby a child oppresses the other through unnoticeable techniques (Susan, 1992). According to psychologists, sibling rivalry can be defined as a form of competition that crops up among children in a home (Susan, 1992). This can also be referred to as enmity among children whether they are blood-related or not. In most cases, the rivalry arises from several factors that are contained either outside or within the family. Some of the factors include personality of the children, birth order, treatment of children by the parents and life experiences. This contention vastly affects children who are of the same gender or those who are born at a close range. As explained by most child psychologists, this issue is widespread and can involve belligerence among the children. In addition, the factors largely contribute to this conflict. For example, parental treatment is said to affect children, even in their teenage years. When these issues are not resolved, then the children might end up hurting each other or even killing their fellow siblings. Reports show that children of age 10-15 are those affected largely by sibling rivalry with the main issue being intellectuality. In prolonged situations, these jealousy issues can thrive to adulthood (Faber & Mazlish, 2012). This can negatively affect the whole family line.